Комментарии:KW 46, Martin 237. Despite Doerfer's skepticism (TMN 2, 311), Ramstedt's comparison still holds. Low tone in Jpn. is perhaps due to contraction (it does not match either Kor. or *b- in Mong.).
Комментарии:EAS 54, 82, SKE 231, Цинциус 1984, 40, Lee 1958, 110, АПиПЯЯ 296. A Tung.-Kor. isogloss. Since the TM forms meaning "millet" go back to the same root, the second of Ramstedt's etymologies (SKE 214, comparison with Kor. phi 'millet') should be rejected. In Kor. cf. also psắr '(fine) rice' (see Lee 1958, 109).
Комментарии:EAS 56, KW 31, Владимирцов 147-148, ОСНЯ 3, 91-92, Sinor 1981 (listing all forms but considering the Turkic word to be borrowed from Ugric), Дыбо 15, Мудрак Дисс. 194. Despite TMN 1, 216, 2, 258, Щербак 1997, 104 the Mong. form is hardly borrowed from Turk. Jpn. *pá-i presupposes a form *pi̯ắl(a)-gV = TM *palVga etc. Note that this is a case of monophthongization after *p- in TM (cf. similarly *pi̯àri, *pi̯ā̀ki).
Комментарии:Whitman 1985, 153-154, 210 (Kor.-Jpn.). Jpn. *pia < *pi̯àr(i)-ga (cf. TM *par-ga-) or < *pi̯àr(i)-ŋa (cf. PT *biar-ŋa-k). For the reflex *-a- in TM see notes to *pi̯ắlagV. The original meaning is 'finger, finger width', whence 'bedding, layer ("one finger thick")'. Such a combination of meanings is still clearly seen in TM (without which the Turkic and Jpn.-Kor. forms would be hardly comparable).
Комментарии:АПиПЯЯ 45, 286, Мудрак Дисс. 196-197, Лексика 278. A Turk.-Tung. isogloss, demonstrating again the rule of monophthongization in PTM after *p- (see *pi̯ắlagV, *pi̯àri).
Комментарии:Дыбо 11. Kor. *phá < *puhá ~ *păhá with usual vowel reduction. The Turkic forms are very scantily attested and somewhat dubious (one would rather expect *bagɨr).
Комментарии:Martin 228, Лексика 174. An expressive root with not quite precise correspondences (like in many bird names). Vocalism is rather hard to reconstruct: in PT we have to assume a secondary delabialization (*buldɨr- > *bɨldur-). Note velar suffixation in several Turkic and Mongolian forms; the PJ form also may go back to *pi̯oltor-ga > *pi̯oltoɣa > *patua.
Комментарии:A Western isogloss. High tone may be reconstructed because of Mong. *b-. Reflected are forms with different suffixes (*pi̯oro-k`V and *pi̯oro-gV).
Комментарии:In PT *bos- would be expected; the root had changed to *bas- probably because of the folk-etymological resemblance to *bas- 'press'. Cf. *bi̯ási 'penthouse'.
